ABSTRACT
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate appropriate model of application time and dosage of Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA) to get activated macrophages from monocytic cell line THP-1 cells. The differentiation of THP-1 cells into macrophages when stimulated with different dosage and application time of phorbol myristic acid (PMA) was shown morphologically and the effects on cell viability were evaluated.
THP-1 cells were produced as suspension as 2x105 cells/mL in 6-well plates. Afterwards, THP-1 monocyte cells were treated with PMA of 10, 20, 40, 60 ng/mL concentrations and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Differentiation of suspended THP-1 cells into adherent macrophage-like cells was confirmed by tissue-culture microscope by observing cell adherence to cell culture flasks and phenotypic changes. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue staining.
The best results for phenotypic changes and cell viability for THP-1 cells were obtained with 20 ng/mL PMA at 48h incubation time and the cell viability was detected as 92.2%. The administration of 40 ng/mL PMA resulted in a significant decrease in cell count compared to 10 and 20 ng/ml PMA administration at the 48h, but no difference was observed between groups after 72h application. These findings show that the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into macrophages needs to be optimized in order to reflect the real physiologic conditions of macrophage models used in in vitro studies. These findings suggest that THP-1 cells are well differentiated by 20 ng/mL PMA at 48h incubation.
Keywords: Monocyte, Macrophage Differentiation, Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate