In this article, it is aimed to present a general framework about the transition to civilian and Turkish medical training in the Ottoman Empire. Considering the history of Turkish medical tra-ining, demilitarization of medical training and medical training translating into Turkish are among important steps. Also both incidents were taken place in the Ottoman’s last century. Considering status of the Ottoman Empire, the importance of the steps can be understood. Mo-dern medical training in The Ottoman Empire initiated with Tıbhane-i Amire which was founded in 1827 and was at the same time a military school. Tıbhane-i Amire became the only school for medical training over time. Medical training within the Mekteb-i Tıbbiye-i Șahane which was a continuation of Tıbhane -i Amire, was continued in French from 1839. Mekteb-i Tıbbiye-i Mülkiye was founded in 1867 as a civilian medical school and Turkish medical training was given at this school. Starting from 1870, medical training in the Mekteb-i Tıbbiye-i Șahane, a military school, was also conducted in Turkish. The processes of establishing the civilian medical school and transition to Turkish medical training advanced parallel to each other and influenced each ot-her. The occurrence of certain conditions and special efforts of some people also positively af-fected this process.

Keywords: Ottoman Empire, Civilian Medicine, Military Medicine, Turkish